越南就业指南
关于越南劳动力、工作习俗和劳动法规的必备指南
河内
越南标准时间 UTC+7
越南盾 (VND)
越南语、英语
按月发放
23.5%
Talent Landscape
Major Economic Hubs
Skills In-Demand
工作文化
层级文化
在越南文化中，地位通过资历和教育得以强调。领导者做决策，员工执行行动计划，同时对年长者和职位较高者保持极高的尊重。
非对抗性
越南文化充满了对尊重的重视，因此分歧通常以微妙的方式处理，拒绝意见可能通过第三方传达。在讨论过程中，出现紧张局面时，常常会通过沉默来等待对话自然降温。
认真负责
越南员工对工作非常认真，责任心强且可靠。守时是基本要求。他们还很有资源意识，通常会坚持完成任务。
沟通障碍
越南新晋科技开发人员的英语沟通能力可能不如其前辈，因此在清晰、逻辑地表达想法时可能需要更多时间。然而，他们学习能力强，并且在沟通时很有耐心，带来愉快的工作体验。
平均工资
| 职位 | 平均月薪 (美元) | |
|---|---|---|
| 技术工程 | ||
| 软件工程师 | $1,450 | S$1,972 |
| 人工智能工程师 | $1,600 | S$2,176 |
| 业务发展与销售 | ||
| 业务发展专员 | $900 | S$1,224 |
| 销售经理 | $1,050 | S$1,428 |
| 职位 | 平均月薪 (美元) | |
|---|---|---|
| 产品 | ||
| 产品经理 | $1,400 | S$1,904 |
| 数据 | ||
| 数据分析师 | $1,100 | S$1,496 |
| 数据科学家 | $1,500 | S$2,040 |
| 职位 | 平均月薪 (美元) | |
|---|---|---|
| 市场营销与公关 | ||
| 市场助理 | $700 | S$952 |
| 市场经理 | $1,200 | S$1,632 |
| 公关经理 | $1,000 | S$1,360 |
| 职位 | 平均月薪 (美元) | |
|---|---|---|
| 企业服务 | ||
| 人力资源专员 | $600 | S$816 |
| 会计 | $800 | S$1,088 |
| 行政专员 | $600 | S$816 |
Hiring Guide in Vietnam
This guide highlights the fundamental rules employers must know to hire compliantly, covering pay structures, leave policies, termination procedures, and compliance requirements.
For details, browse the topics through the tabs below.
Payroll in Vietnam
Payroll Cycle
Salary and OT paid within 15 days after salary period.
Minimum Wage
Vietnam adopts a four-tier regional minimum wage system, distinguishing major cities from rural areas. Rates apply to employees working under labor contracts and vary by regional economic development.
Overtime Pay
- Standard hours: 48 hours per week; 8 hours per day; at least one weekly rest day required. - Daily overtime may not exceed 50% of regular daily hours. - Overtime limits: 40 hours per month and 200 hours per year (up to 300 hours in specific cases).
- Weekday overtime: Hourly Rate × 1.50 × Overtime Hours. - Weekly rest day: Hourly Rate × 2.00 × Overtime Hours. - Public holiday or paid leave day: Hourly Rate × 3.00 × Overtime Hours. - Night work adds 30% of normal hourly pay; night overtime adds a further 20% of the daytime overtime rate.
Bonus
13th Month
Vietnam does not require a 13th month salary. A Tết or year end bonus becomes payable when promised in the employment contract, collective agreement, published bonus regulation, or consistent employer practice.
No statutory 13th month formula. Any separate annual bonus follows the amount or formula in the applicable contract, collective agreement, or binding employer scheme.
Eligibility follows the employer’s announced bonus regulation, which may use business results, employee performance, disciplinary record, and service length. The employer must publicly announce the bonus regulation after consulting the employee representative organisation at the workplace where one exists.
Employees Benefits
| Types of Benefit | Details |
|---|---|
| Mandatory | |
| Social Insurance | Mandatory social insurance covering sickness, maternity, labor accidents, occupational diseases, retirement, and death. Employer contributes 17.5%, employee contributes 8% of gross monthly salary. Provides comprehensive protection including pension benefits, sick leave payment (75% salary), and maternity leave payment (100% salary). Managed by Vietnam Social Insurance. Sick leave and maternity leave are paid by Social Insurance Fund, not employer. [Cross-reference: See Employer Tax table for employer contribution details (Social Insurance). See Individual Tax table for employee withholding details (Social Insurance - Employee Contribution).] |
| Health Insurance | Mandatory health insurance providing medical examination and treatment coverage at public and registered private healthcare facilities. Employer contributes 3%, employee contributes 1.5% of gross salary. Covers inpatient and outpatient care, medications, and medical procedures. Ensures affordable healthcare access for all Vietnamese workers. [Cross-reference: See Employer Tax table for employer contribution details (Health Insurance). See Individual Tax table for employee withholding details (Health Insurance - Employee Contribution).] |
| Unemployment Insurance | Mandatory insurance providing financial support and job search assistance for workers who lose employment. Employer contributes 1%, employee contributes 1% of gross salary. Benefits include monthly unemployment allowance (up to 12 months), job counseling, and vocational training support. Helps workers transition between jobs. [Cross-reference: See Employer Tax table for employer contribution details (Unemployment Insurance). See Individual Tax table for employee withholding details (Unemployment Insurance - Employee Contribution).] |
| Trade Union Fee | Mandatory contribution to support trade union activities and worker representation. Employer contributes 2% of total payroll fund. Trade unions represent workers' interests, negotiate collective bargaining agreements, and ensure labor rights protection. Required for all Vietnamese enterprises with employees. [Cross-reference: See Employer Tax table for details (Trade Union Fee). 100% employer-funded] |
| Optional | |
| Tet Bonus / 13th Month Salary | While not contractually mandated by law, it is common practice to offer a 13th month bonus or Tet bonus to all employees. Tet (Lunar New Year) is the most important holiday in Vietnam, and this bonus helps employees celebrate. Amount typically equals one month's salary but may vary based on company performance and individual performance. Employer-discretionary but culturally expected. |
| Performance Bonus | Additional bonuses based on company earnings and individual performance. May be paid quarterly, bi-annually, or annually. Amount varies by company profitability and employee contribution. Employer-discretionary, used to motivate and reward high performers. |
| Meal Allowance | Daily or monthly meal allowances to support employee daily expenses. May be provided as cash allowance or meal vouchers. Common benefit in Vietnamese workplaces to supplement employee income. Employer-discretionary, varies by industry and location. |
| Transportation Allowance | Monthly allowance or company-provided transportation for employees. May include shuttle services, motorbike fuel allowances, or public transport subsidies. Employer-discretionary, common in areas with limited public transport. |
| Housing Allowance | Monthly housing or accommodation allowance, particularly for expatriate employees or those relocating for work. Helps offset rental costs in expensive urban areas like Hanoi or Ho Chi Minh City. Employer-discretionary, often part of expatriate packages. |
| Phone and Internet Allowance | Allowance for mobile phone and internet expenses for employees who need connectivity for work. May include company-provided phones or monthly reimbursements. Employer-discretionary, common for sales, management, and remote roles. |
| Private Medical Insurance | Supplementary private health insurance beyond mandatory health insurance. Provides access to private hospitals, international clinics, and better healthcare services. May include family coverage. Employer-discretionary, increasingly common as competitive benefit. |
| Training and Development | Investment in employee skills development through training programs, courses, certifications, or workshops. May include tuition reimbursement or company-sponsored professional development. Employer-discretionary, supports employee growth and company capability building. |
Taxes
Country Tax
Vietnam's country tax is known as Value-Added Tax (VAT) 10% standard rate
Individual Tax
| Tax Component | Contribution Rate (%) | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Income Tax Structure | ||
| Resident Tax Rates | 5%–35% | Monthly progressive tax brackets for employment income. |
| Non-Resident Tax | 20.00% | Flat tax applied with no deductions allowed. |
| Taxable Income Adjustments | ||
| Personal Deduction | VND 15,500,000/month | Monthly personal allowance reducing taxable income. |
| Dependent Deduction | VND 6,200,000/month per dependent | Deduction for qualifying dependents. |
| Employee Insurance Contributions | Actual contributions | Employee contributions to social, health, and unemployment insurance reduce taxable income. |
| Taxable & Exempt Components | ||
| 13th Month Salary | Fully taxable | Common and taxable annual bonus. |
| Bonuses | Fully taxable | Including Tet bonus. |
| Overtime | Non-taxable | Tax-exempt income (including night work pay, overtime pay, unused annual leave payouts) |
